Acute Diarrhea

Acute Diarrhea PPT Summary

1. Diarrhea is the second most important cause of death in developing countries, with approximately 2 million deaths of children under 5 years old each year.
2. The leading causes of diarrhea in children are bacterial infections (Escherichia coli, Campylobacter Jejuni, etc.), viral infections (rotavirus, enterovirus), and parasites (Giardia).
3. Different types of diarrhea include secretory diarrhea (caused by toxin-mediated sodium pump failure), invasive diarrhea (invasion of intestinal mucosa leading to blood and mucus in stool), and osmotic diarrhea (resulting from brush border damage and decrease in mucosal disaccharide activity).
4. The management of diarrhea involves assessing the child’s hydration status, correcting electrolyte and acid-base imbalances, and providing proper feeding. Zinc supplementation is recommended.
5. Prevention strategies for diarrhea include exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months, complementary energy-rich food, hygiene practices, a clean environment, and vaccination.

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